Class10 NCRT Arithmetic Progressions Exercise – 5.3 pdf || UP Board
Arithmetic
Progressions
Exercise
– 5.3
1. Find the sum of the following APs:
(i) 2, 7, 12, … , to 10 terms
Here, a = 2 and d = 7 – 2 = 5
The sum of n terms of an AP is given by,
⇒ S10
= 10/2[2×2 + (10 – 1)5]
⇒ S10
= 5[4 + 45] = 245
(ii) -37, -33, -29, … , to 12 terms
Here, a = -37 and d = -33 – (-37) = 4
The sum of n terms of an AP is given by,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
⇒ S12
= 12/2[2×-37 + (12 – 1)4]
⇒ S12
= 6[ -74 + 44] = -180
(iii) 0.6, 1.7, 2.8, … , to 100 terms
Here, a = 0.6 and d = 1.7 – 0.6 = 1.1
The sum of n terms of an AP is given by,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
⇒ S100
= 100/2[2×0.6 + (100 – 1)1.1]
⇒ S100
= 50[1.2 + 99×1.1] = 50[110.1] = 5505
(iv) 1/15 , 1/12 , 1/10 , … , to 11 terms
Here, a = 1/15 and d = 1/12 – (1/15) = 1/60
The sum of n terms of an AP is given by,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
⇒ S11
= 11/2[2×(1/15) + (11 – 1)(1/60)]
⇒ S11
= 11/2[2/15 + 1/6] = 11/2[9/30] = 33/20
2. Find
the sums given below:
(i) 7 + 10 ½ + 14 + … + 84
Here, a = 7 and d = 10 ½ - 7 = 21/2 – 7 = 7/2
Let, the nth term of the AP is 84
Therefore, an = 84
a + (n – 1)d = 84
7 + (n – 1)(7/2) = 84
(n – 1) = 22
n = 23
The sum of n terms of an AP,
S23 = 23/2 [7 + 84]
S23 = 23/2 [91] = 2093/2
S23 = 1046 ½
(ii) 34 + 32 + 30 + … + 10
Here, a = 34 and d = 32 - 34 = -2
Let, the nth term of the AP is 10
Therefore, an = 10
a + (n – 1)d = 10
34 + (n – 1)(-2) = 10
(n – 1)(-2) = -24
n – 1 = 12
n = 13
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a+l] [When
the last term (an or l) is given.]
S13 = 13/2 [34 + 10]
S13 = 13/2 [44] = 13×22
S13 = 286
(iii) -5 + (-8) + (-11) + … + (-230)
Here, a = -5 and d = -8 – (-5) = -3
Let, the nth term of the AP is -230
Therefore, an = -230
a + (n – 1)d = -230
-5 + (n – 1)(-3) = -230
(n – 1)(-3) = -225
n – 1 = 75
n = 76
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a+l] [When
the last term (an or l) is given.]
S76 = 76/2 [-5 - 230]
S76 = 76/2 [-235] = -38×235
S76 = -8930
3. In
an AP,
(i) given a = 5, d = 3, an = 50, find n and Sn.
(ii) given a = 7, a13 = 35 find d and S13
(iii) given a12 = 37, d = 3 find a and S12
(iv) given a3 = 15, S10 = 125 find d and a10
(v) given d = 7, S9 = 75 find a and a9
(vi) given a = 2, d = 8, Sn = 90 find n and an
(vii) given a = 8, an = 62, Sn = 210 find n and d
(viii) given an = 4, d = 2, Sn = -14 find n and a
(ix) given a = 3, n = 8, S = 192 find d
(x) given l = 28, S = 144 and there are total 9 terms. Find a.
(i) Here a = 5, d = 3 and an = 50
Let, the nth term of the AP is 50
Therefore, an = 50
a + (n – 1)d = 50
5 + (n – 1)3 = 50
(n – 1)3 = 45
n – 1 = 15
n = 16
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a+l] [When
the last term (an or l) is given.]
S16 = 16/2 [5 + 50]
S16 = 8 [55] = 440
(ii) Here a = 7 and a13 = 35
Let, the 13th term of the AP is 35
Therefore, a13 = 35
a + (n – 1)d = 35
7 + (13 – 1)d = 35
12d = 28
d = 28/12 = 7/3
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a+l]
S13 = 13/2 [7 + 35]
S13 = 13/2 [42] = 273
(iii) Here d = 3 and a12 = 37
Let, the 12th term of the AP is 37
Therefore, a12 = 37
a + (n – 1)d = 37
a + (12 – 1)3 = 37
a + 11×3 = 37
a = 37 – 33
a = 4
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a+l]
S12 = 12/2 [4 +37]
S16 = 6 [41] = 246
(iv) Here a3 = 15 and S10 = 125
a3 = 15
a + (3 – 1)d = 15
a + 2d = 15
a = 15 – 2d
………(1)
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S10 = 10/2 [2a + (10 – 1)d]
125 = 5[2a + 9d]
2a + 9d = 25
Substituting the value of ‘a’ from Equation (1),
2(15 – 2d) + 9d = 25
30 – 4d + 9d = 25
5d = -5
d = -1
Substituting the value of ‘d’ from Equation (1),
a = 15 – 2(-1) = 17
an = a + (n – 1)d
a10 = 17 + (10 – 1)(-1) = 17 – 9 = 8
a10 = 8
(v) Here d = 5 and S9 = 75
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S9 = 9/2 [ 2a + (9 – 1)5]
75 = 9/2 [ 2a + 40]
75 = 9a + 180
a = -105/9 = -35/3
an = a + (n – 1)d
a9 = -35/3 + (9 – 1)5 = -35/3 + 40 = 85/3
a9 = 85/3
(vi) Here a = 2, d = 8 and Sn = 90
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
90 = n/2 [ 2×2 + (n – 1)8]
90 = n/2 [4 + 8n – 8]
90 = n/2 [8n – 4]
90 = 4n2 – 2n
2n2 – n – 45 = 0
2n2 – 10n + 9n - 45 = 0
2n(n – 5) + 9(n – 5) = 0
(2n + 9)(n – 5) = 0
n – 5 = 0
[2n + 9 ≠ 0, n ≠ -9/2]
n = 5
an = a + (n – 1)d
a5 = 2 + (5 – 1)8 = 2 + 32 = 34
(vii) Here a = 8, an = 62 and Sn = 210
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + an]
210 = n/2 [8 + 62]
210 = 35n
n = 210/35 = 6
an = a + (n – 1)d
62 = 8 + (6 – 1)d
54 = 5d
d = 54/5
(viii) Here an = 4, d = 2 and Sn = -14
an = a + (n – 1)d
4 = a + (n – 1)2
4 = a + 2n – 2
a = 6 – 2n
………(1)
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
-14 = n/2 [2a + (n – 1)2]
-14 = n[a + n - 1]
Substituting the value of ‘a’ from Equation (1),
-14 = n[6 – 2n + n – 1]
-14 = n[5 – n]
-14 = 5n – n2
n2 – 5n – 14 = 0
n2 - 7n + 2n – 14 = 0
n(n – 7) + 2(n – 7) = 0
(n – 7)(n + 2) = 0
n – 7 = 0 [ n
+ 2 ≠ 0, n ≠ -2]
Substituting the value of ‘d’ from Equation (1),
a = 6 – 2(7) = -8
(ix) Here a = 3, n = 8 and S = 192
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + an]
192 = 8/2 [3 + an]
192 = 4 [3 + an]
3 + an = 192/4 = 48
an = 45
an = a + (n – 1)d
45 = 3 + (8 – 1)d
42 = 7d
d = 42/7
d = 6
(x) Here l = 28, S = 144 and n = 9
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + l]
144 = 9/2[a + 28]
144×2/9 = a + 28
32 = a + 28
a = 4
4. How many terms of the A.P.: 9, 17, 25, …
must be taken to given a sum 636?
Here a = 9, d = 17 – 9 = 8 and Sn = 636
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
636 = n/2 [2×9 + (n – 1)8]
636 = n[9 + 4n – 4]
4n2 + 53n – 48n – 636 = 0
n(4n + 53) -12 (4n + 53) = 0
(n – 12) (4n + 53) = 0
n – 12 = 0
[4n + 53 ≠ 0, n ≠ -53/4]
n = 12
So to get the sum 636, 12 terms of A.P.: 9, 17, 25, … should be taken.
5. The
first term of an AP is 5, the last term is 45 and the sum is 400. Find the
number of terms and the common difference.
Here a = 5, an = 45 and Sn = 400
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + an]
400 = n/2 [5 + 45]
400 = 25n
n = 400/25 = 16
an = a + (n – 1)d
45 = 5 + (16 – 1)d
40 = 15d
d = 40/15 = 8/3
Hence, the number of terms is 16 and the common difference is 8/3.
6. The
first and the last terms of an AP are 17 and 350 respectively. If the common
difference is 9, how many terms are there and what is their sum?
Here a = 17, an = 350 and d = 9
an = a + (n – 1)d
350 = 17 + (n – 1)9
350 = 17 + 9n – 9
350 = 8 + 9n
n = 342/9 = 38
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + an]
S38 = 38/2 [17 + 350]
400 = 19 × 367
= 6973
Hence, it has 38 terms and their sum is 6973.
7. Find
the sum of first 22 terms of an AP in which d = 7 and 22nd term is
149.
Here d = 7, an = 149 and n = 22
an = a + (n – 1)d
149 = a + (22 – 1)7
149 = a + 147
a = 2
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [a + an]
S22 = 22/2 [2 + 149]
S22 = 11 × 151
= 1661
Hence, the sum of first 22 terms of this AP is 1661
8. Find
the sum of first 51 terms of an AP whose second and third terms are 14 and 18
respectively.
Here a2 = 14, a3 = 2 and n = 51
an = a + (n – 1)d
a2 = a + (2 – 1)d
14 = a + d
a = 14 – d ………(1)
and a3 = a + (3 – 1)d
18 = a + 2d
Substituting the value of ‘a’ from Equation (1),
18 = 14 – d + 2d
d = 4
Substituting the value of ‘d’ from Equation (1),
a = 14 – 4 = 10
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S51 = 51/2 [2×10 + (51 – 1)4]
S51 = 51/2 [220] = 5610
9. If
the sum of first 7 terms of an AP is 49 and that of 17 terms is 289, find the
sum of first n terms.
Here S7 = 49 and S17 = 289
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n – 1)d]
S7 = 7/2 [2a + (7 – 1)d]
49 = 7/2 [2a + 6d]
49 = 7(a + 3d)
7 = a + 3d
a = 7 – 3d
………….(1)
and S17 = 17/2 [2a + (17 – 1)d]
289 = 17/2 [2a + 16d]
289 = 17(a + 8d)
17 = a + 8d
Substituting the value of ‘a’ from Equation (1),
17 = 7 – 3d + 8d
5d = 10
d = 2
Substituting the value of ‘d’ from Equation (1),
a = 7 – 3 × 2 = 1
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
= n/2 [2×1 + (n
– 1)2]
= n/2 [2 + 2n –
2] = n2
10. Show
that a1,
a2, … , an, … form an AP where an is defined as below:
(i) an = 3 + 4n (ii) an
= 9 – 5n
Also find the sum of the first 15 terms in each case.
(i) an = 3 + 4n
Putting n = 1,
a1 = 3 + 4×1 = 7
Putting n = 2,
a2 = 3 + 4×2 = 11
Similarly, a3 = 3 + 4×3 = 15
a4 = 3 + 4×4 = 19
difference in consecutive terms:
a2 – a1 = 11 – 7 = 4
a3 – a2 = 15 – 11 = 4
a4 – a3 = 19 – 15 = 4
The difference between consecutive terms is the same,
hence a1,
a2, … , an, … is an A.P.
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S15 = 15/2 [2×7 + (15 – 1)4]
S15 = 15/2 [70] = 525
(ii) an = 9 - 5n
Putting n = 1,
a1 = 9 - 5×1 = 4
Putting n = 2,
a2 = 9 - 5×2 = -1
Similarly, a3 = 9 - 5×3 = -6
a4 = 9 - 5×4 = -11
difference in consecutive terms:
a2 – a1 = -1 – 4 = -5
a3 – a2 = -6 – (-1) = -5
a4 – a3 = -11 – (-6) = -5
The difference between consecutive terms is the same,
hence a1, a2, … , an, … is an A.P.
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S15 = 15/2 [2×4 + (15 – 1)×-5]
S15 = 15/2 [-62] = -465
11. If
the sum of the first n terms of an AP is 4n – n2, what is the
first term (that is S1 )? What is the second term? Similarly, find the 3rd,
the 10th and the nth terms.
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = 4n – n2
Putting n = 1,
First term = a1 = S1 = 4×1 – 12 =
3
Putting n = 2,
sum of first two terms = a1 + a2 = S2 = 4×2 –
22 = 4
a1 + a2 = 4
3 + a2 = 4 [First
term a1
= 3 ]
a2 = 1
Hence, the second term is 1
The common differences d = a2 – a1
= 1 – 3 = - 2
Therefore, the tenth term = a10 = a + 9d = 3 + 9×-2 = -16
Similarly, the nth term = an = a + (n – 1)d = 3 + (n – 1)×-2 = 5 – 2n
12. Find
the sum of the first 40 positive integers divisible by 6.
the first 40 positive integers divisible by 6: 6, 12, 18, … , 240
Here a = 6, d = 12 – 6 = 6 and n = 40
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S40 = 40/2 [2×6 + (40 – 1)6]
= 20 [12 +
234]
= 20 [246]
= 4920
Hence, the sum of the first 40 positive integers divisible by 6 is 4920.
13. Find
the sum of the first 15 multiples of 8.
The first 15 multiples of 8: 8, 16, 24, … , 120
Here, a = 8, d = 16 - 8 = 8 and n = 15
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S15 = 15/2 [2×8 + (15 – 1)8]
= 15/2 [16
+ 112]
= 15/2 (128)
= 960
Hence, the sum of the first 15 multiples of 8 is 960.
14. Find
the sum of the odd numbers between 0 and 50.
The odd numbers between 0 and 50: 1, 3, 5, … , 49
Here, a = 1, d = 3 – 1 = 2 and n = 25
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S25 = 25/2 [2×1 + (25 – 1)2]
= 25/2 [2
+ 48]
= 25/2 (50)
= 625
Hence, the sum of odd numbers between 0 and 50 is 625.
15. A
contract on construction job specifies a penalty for delay of completion beyond
a certain date as follows: ₹200 for the first day, ₹250 for the second day, ₹300 for the third day, etc., the
penalty for each succeeding day being ₹50 more than for the preceding day.
How much money the contractor has to pay as penalty, if he has delayed the work
by 30 days?
The amount paid as penalty is in the following
arithmetic progression:
₹200, ₹250, ₹300, ₹350, …
Here a = 200, d = 250 – 200 = 50 and n = 30
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S30 = 30/2 [2×200 + (300 – 1)50]
= 15[400
+ 1450]
=
15(1850)
= 27750
Hence, a contractor will have to pay an amount of ₹27750 as penalty.
16. A
sum of ₹700 is to be used to give seven cash
prizes to students of a school for their overall academic performance. If each
prize is ₹20 less than its preceding prize,
find the value of each of the prizes.
Considered first prize = ₹x
Total prizes = 7
Total Amount = ₹700
Therefore, the series of 7 prizes are as follows:
x + (x – 20) + (x – 40) + (x – 60) + (x – 80) + (x –
100) + (x – 120) = 700
7x – 420 = 700
7x = 1120
x = 1120/7 = 160
Hence, the amount of 7 prizes is: 160, 140, 120, 100, 80, 60 and 40.
17. In
a school, students thought of planting trees in and around the school to reduce
air pollution. It was decided that the number of trees, that each section of
each class will plant, will be the same as the class, in which they are
studying, e.g., a section of Class 1 will plant 1 tree, a section of Class II
will plant 2 trees and so on till Class XII. There are there sections of each
class. How many trees will be planted by the students?
One section of the class will plant 1 tree and each class has three sections. Therefore,
Total number of trees planted by class I students = 3
× 1 = 3
Total number of trees planted by class II students = 3
× 2 = 6
Total number of trees planted by class III students =
3 × 3 = 9
Similarly, the total number of trees planted by the
three sections of each class,
3, 6, 9, … , 36
Here a = 3, d = 6 –
3 = 3 and n = 12
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S12 = 12/2 [2×3 + (12 – 1)3]
= 6[6 +
33]
= 6(39)
= 234
Hence, the total number of trees planted by the
students of this school =
234
18. A spiral is made up of successive semicircles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, … as shown in Figure 5.4. What is the total length of such a spiral made up of thirteen consecutive semicircles? (Take π = 22/7)
[ Hint:
Length of successive semicircles is l1,
l2, l3, l4,… with centres at A, B, A, B,…
respectively.]
Perimeter of semicircle = ½ (2πr)
radii of semicircles: 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, …
Therefore, the length of the first spiral l1 = π(0.5) cm
length of second spiral l2 = π(1.0) cm
Similarly, the length of spirals l1, l2, l3,
l4, … are
as follows:
π(0.5) cm, π(1.0) cm, π(1.5) cm, π(2.0) cm, …
Here a = 0.5π, d = 1.0π – 0.5π = 0.5π and n = 13
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S13 = 13/2 [2(0.5π) + (13 – 1)0.5π]
= 6.5[π +
6π]
= 6.5(7 ×
22/7)
= 6.5 ×
22 = 143 cm
Hence, the total length of this spiral made of
thirteen consecutive semicircles is 143 cm.
19. 200 logs are stacked in the following manner: 20 logs in the bottom row, 19 in the next row, 18 in the row next to it and so on (see Figure 5.5). In how many rows are the 200 logs placed and how many logs are in the top row?
Bottom row logs = 20
logs in next row = 19
logs in next row = 18
Similarly, the A.P. of logs is,
20, 19, 18, 17, …
Here a = 20, d = 19
– 20 = -1 and Sn = 200
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
200 = n/2 [2×20 + (n – 1)×-1]
400 = n[40 – n + 1]
400 = 41n – n2
n2 – 41n + 400 = 0
n2 – 16n – 25n + 400 = 0
n(n – 16) – 25(n – 16) = 0
(n – 16) (n – 25) = 0
n – 16 = 0, n – 25 = 0
n = 16, n = 25
If n = 16, a16 = a + 15d = 20 + 15(-1) = 5
If n = 25, a25 = a + 24d = 20 + 24(-1) = -4 जो कि संभव नहीं है।
Hence, these 200 logs are placed in 16 rows and the top row has 5 logs.
20. In a potato race, a bucket is placed at the starting point, which is 5 m from the first potato, and the other potatoes are placed 3 m apart in a straight line. There are ten potatoes in the line (see figure 5.6).
A competitor starts from the bucket, picks up the
nearest potato, runs back with it, drops it in the bucket, runs back to pick up
the next potato, runs to the bucket to drop it in, and she continues in the
same way until all the potatoes are in the bucket. What is the total distance
the competitor has to run?
[Hint: To pick up the first potato and the second
potato, the total distance (in metres) run by a competitor is = 2 × 5, 2 × (5 + 3) ]
Distance travel by first picking up the potato and
putting it in the bucket = 2×5 = 10
Distance travel by second picking up the potato and
putting it in the bucket = 2 × (5 +3) = 16
Similarly, the distance covered in pick up each potato
is A.P. following as:
10, 16, 22, 28, …
Here a = 10, d = 16 – 10 = 6 and n = 10
The sum of n terms of an AP,
Sn = n/2 [2a+ (n-1)d]
S10 = 10/2 [2×10 + (10 – 1)6]
= 5[20 +
54]
= 5(74)
= 370
The total distance the competitor has to run 370 m.
Download Class10 NCRT Arithmetic Progressions Exercise – 5.3 pdf
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